suffix
The German noun suffix is a morpheme that is added to the end of a base word to create a new noun. It often changes the meaning or grammatical function of the word.
noun
neuter
Meaning: Small
Das Häuschen ist sehr niedlich.
The little house is very cute.
Meaning: Female
Die Lehrerin unterrichtet Deutsch.
The female teacher teaches German.
Meaning: Diminutive
Ich möchte ein Brötchen kaufen.
I would like to buy a small bread roll.
Meaning: Collective
Die Mannschaft hat das Spiel gewonnen.
The team won the game.
Das Kind spielt im Garten.
The child is playing in the garden.
Die Katze liegt auf dem Sofa.
The cat is lying on the sofa.
Der Hund bellt laut.
The dog is barking loudly.
Ich habe gestern einen interessanten Artikel gelesen.
I read an interesting article yesterday.
Meine Schwester hat mir ein neues Buch geschenkt.
My sister gave me a new book.
Wir haben gestern Abend einen Film im Kino gesehen.
We watched a movie at the cinema last night.
Er wird nächste Woche nach Berlin reisen.
He will travel to Berlin next week.
Sie ist gerade dabei, Deutsch zu lernen.
She is currently learning German.
Ich werde morgen früh aufstehen.
I will get up early tomorrow morning.
German, like many other languages, uses noun suffixes to create new words and expand its vocabulary. These suffixes can be added to nouns, adjectives, verbs, or even other suffixes, and they play an important role in forming compound words. By adding a noun suffix to a base word, speakers can create new nouns that express different meanings or indicate different grammatical functions.
For example, the noun suffix -ung is commonly used to form abstract nouns from verbs. When added to the verb 'arbeiten' (to work), it creates the noun 'Arbeitung' (work). Similarly, the noun suffix -heit is used to form abstract nouns from adjectives. Adding it to the adjective 'schön' (beautiful) results in the noun 'Schönheit' (beauty).
It's worth noting that German noun suffixes can also change the gender and case of a word. For instance, the feminine noun suffix -in is added to masculine nouns to indicate female gender. So, 'Lehrer' (teacher) becomes 'Lehrerin' (female teacher). Additionally, some noun suffixes determine the case of a word in a sentence. The dative case, for example, is indicated by the suffix -e in certain contexts.