in
The Italian preposition 'in' indicates location or position within a certain space, time or situation.
preposition
Meaning: Location
Il gatto è in cucina.
The cat is in the kitchen.
Meaning: Time
La festa sarà in agosto.
The party will be in August.
Meaning: Means of transportation
Vado a scuola in autobus.
I go to school by bus.
Meaning: Inclusion or containment
Ho messo le chiavi nella borsa.
I put the keys in the bag.
Meaning: Purpose or goal
Studiamo per avere successo negli esami.
We study to succeed in exams.
A1: Vivo in Italia.
A1: I live in Italy.
A1: Ho messo il libro nella borsa.
A1: I put the book in the bag.
A1: Vado al cinema nel pomeriggio.
A1: I go to the cinema in the afternoon.
B1: Lavoro in un ufficio da lunedì a venerdì.
B1: I work in an office from Monday to Friday.
B1: Sono andato in vacanza la scorsa settimana.
B1: I went on vacation last week.
B2: Mi sono innamorato di lei appena l'ho vista.
B2: I fell in love with her as soon as I saw her.
B2: Ho lavorato in questa azienda per cinque anni.
B2: I worked in this company for five years.
C1: Spero che tu riesca a finire il progetto entro domani.
C1: I hope you manage to finish the project by tomorrow.
C1: Non credevo che sarebbe successo tutto questo.
C1: I didn't think all of this would happen.
C2: Se fossi ricco, viaggerei in tutto il mondo.
C2: If I were rich, I would travel all over the world.
The preposition 'in' is one of the most common and versatile words in the Italian language. It can be used to indicate physical location or position, as well as temporal or situational contexts. For example, 'Sono in casa' means 'I am at home', while 'In estate vado al mare' means 'In summer I go to the beach'.
In addition to its basic meaning of indicating location or position, the preposition 'in' can also be used in many idiomatic expressions and fixed phrases. For instance, 'in bocca al lupo' literally translates to 'in the mouth of the wolf', but it is actually an expression used to wish someone good luck. Similarly, 'in piedi' means 'on foot', but it can also be used to describe a standing position.
It is important to note that the preposition 'in' has different forms depending on the gender and number of the noun it refers to. For masculine singular nouns, it becomes 'in'; for feminine singular nouns, it becomes 'in'; for masculine plural nouns, it becomes 'nei'; and for feminine plural nouns, it becomes 'nelle'. This can sometimes be confusing for non-native speakers, but with practice and exposure to the language, it becomes easier to use correctly.